statistics

Statistics tutorials covering core concepts, calculations, and analysis with Python.

EDA: Exploratory Data Analysis Complete Workflow

Exploratory data analysis is the part everyone wants to skip and nobody should. Before you train a single model, you sit with the data and get to know it: load it, look at its shape, find the missing values, spot the outliers, and check which columns actually move together. This exploratory data analysis Python tutorial walks the full workflow on a realistic employee dataset, every number printed is real output from the code you see. “Fools ignore complexity. Pragmatists suffer ... Read More

Seaborn: Statistical Visualization, Heatmaps, Distributions

You have just spent twenty five lines of Matplotlib building one correlation heatmap, the everyday chore that Python Seaborn was built to shorten. Colorbar formatting, label rotation, value annotations, a title that keeps overlapping the cells. This seaborn tutorial exists so you can stop doing that. Seaborn sits on top of Matplotlib and turns those twenty five lines into one: distribution plots, heatmaps, pair plots, box plots, violin plots, and regression plots that look good before you touch a single ... Read More

Statistics: Probability Distributions, Normal and Binomial

Flip a coin and both outcomes are equally likely. Measure 10,000 heights and most bunch near the middle. Count website visitors per hour and you get bursts around a steady average. Python probability distributions put names, formulas, and SciPy code on those patterns, and this post works through the five you will actually meet: normal, binomial, Poisson, uniform, and exponential. “Probability is the language of uncertainty.” Dennis Lindley, statistician Last Updated: July 2026 | Tested on: Python 3.14.6, SciPy 1.18.0 ... Read More